Transcript
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Just a heads up that my guest this week, who
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is a therapist, briefly makes reference to a client she
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worked with who had experienced childhood sexual abuse. So if
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that is a topic that's triggering for you, you might
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want to skip this one. If it's helpful to hear
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what her experience was and how Sue worked with her,
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then listening. This is Crappita Happy and I am your host,
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Cas Dunn. I'm a clinical and coaching psychologist. I'm mindfulness
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meditation teacher and of course author of the Crappita Happy books.
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In this show, I bring you conversations with interesting, inspiring,
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intelligent people who are experts in their field and who
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have something of value to share that will help you
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feel less crappy and more happy. Doctor Sue Johnson is
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a clinical psychologist, best selling author, distinguished research professor, and
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most importantly, she is the creator of emotionally focused Therapy,
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which is widely acknowledged as the gold standard in tested
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and proven couple's therapy. Sue's work was groundbreaking when she
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first made the link in her early career between attachment
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theory and adult relationships, and yet, as you will hear
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her explain, she was professionally ridiculed when she shared that
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idea with colleagues.
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Of course she was.
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She's a woman, what could she possibly know. Well, she
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now has decades of experience and research and treatment outcomes
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to prove that Yep, she was right all along. I
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have personally been a fan of Sue's work for decades.
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I have all of her books, I.
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Have taken her training. I couldn't be more excited to
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introduce you to the incredible doctor Sue Johnson. So, Sue Johnson,
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it is such a pleasure to have you on the
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Crappy to Happy Podcast. Thank you for being here today.
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You're most most welcome. I love your type, and I
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think actually talking about turning a distressed relationship to into
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a less distressed one is a very good way to
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go from crappy to happy.
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Actually, so I would agree, and very appropriate. So I
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am a psychologist myself, and the things that I'm most
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interested in as a psychologist are mindfulness and attachment. So
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one of the very first professional development trainings that I
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did when I first registered as a psychologist was your
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EFT for couples, because it seemed so perfect to me,
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so just profound that we should bring this idea of
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attachment into adult relationships. But I wanted to say to you,
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by the way full disclosure turned out, I'm not I
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don't really want to do couple's therapy, but I still
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think it's profound and everybody should have an understanding of this.
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I think for me, by the time I came through,
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it seemed kind of obvious that attachment would inform couple
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relationships and adult relationships. But was that the case when
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you kind of stumbledon this or was it a new idea?
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Oh, adult attachment absolutely was not. You know, I mean
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you look, I look at it, and I say, it's obvious.
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Everything in life is obvious once you've discovered it. You know,
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it's in hindsight. Yes, it's obvious. You know, we talk
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about atoms. It's obvious that they're they're there somewhere. You know,
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I can't see them, but I believe they're there. Well,
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you know, if you'd spoken about it three hundred years ago,
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people would probably burned you as a witch and said,
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you know you're you're crazy. So it is obvious. But
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you know, when I first started talking about it with couples,
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it was absolutely one of the most unpopular things that
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I could have come out. In fact, I said to
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my husband, it seems that I always discover truths for me.
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They're truths that really tick other people off, and that
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don't you know, other people don't like. So adult attachment
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was one of those. The idea was attachment was all
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about my child. It wasn't even about father and child.
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It was all about mother and child. And of course
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John Balby only had one lifetime and he had only
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had time to look at all these incredible interactions between
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mother and child and see the patterns in them and
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see the effect of those patterns. And you could say,
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that's what science is. It's finding a pattern, looking for
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a pattern, finding a pattern, and then coming up with
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an explanation of a pattern. And you know, he saw
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these patterns with his colleague Mary Ainsworth in this dance
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between a mother and child, and he started to talk
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about the impact of these patterns, which was, I mean,
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I'm not that old. And even when I was a child,
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good parenting was about, you know, making sure your kid
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had something to eat, and you know, giving them a
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bath at night and putting them to bed and not
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smacking them too hard when they were naughty and that
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was good parenting. And you know, the whole idea that
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kids needed to be held and talked to and feel special,
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know they could count on you was sort of what.
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You know. It's like life was about survival and who
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had time for that? And even the upper classes didn't
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have time for it. They had nannies. So it was
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all about mothers and children, and it was pretty minimal
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recognition at that But then really it didn't hit till
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the beginning of this century that people started talking about
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adult attachment. But I was talking about it a good
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twelve years before that and getting my articles rejected, and
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not just rejected, but pages of is that right? Oh yeah?
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Pages of This woman is crazy. If you cast your
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mind back, you look at some of that old literature,
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it's all about differentiation, individuation. If you were too close
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to anybody, including your kid, it was codependency, which was
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a word taken from addiction literature. You know, it was bad.
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In other words, too much closeness was bad. You couldn't
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figure out who you were other people were too close
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and you had to be separate and independent. And adolescence
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was all about becoming independent, you know, And this was
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this separateness was the name of the game, the name
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of the developmental game. So for Bolby to come along
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and say no, if you look at the way we
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develop as human beings, we're connected. Our main instinct isn't
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aggression or aggression or sex. Basically, it's the need for
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connection with other people, a few special lovers who will
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come when we call, because life is huge and dangerous
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and difficult for all of us, and being alone in
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and of itself is terrifying. I mean, people just said,
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you're just talking about mental illness. You're just talking about
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you know, if adults feel this, then they're mentally ill.
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They're not. You're because you're supposed to be separate. I've
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had I had people in the beginning walk out of
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my classes and my lectures saying that I was creating codependency,
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fusion symbiosis, you know, And the research is very clear
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belonging leads to becoming. So actually, you have a stronger
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sense of self, you have a stronger ability to be
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independent and separate if you have a secure sense of
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connection with other people. You know, it's obvious, really, if
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I know that, if I'm in real trouble, if I
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call and I say, cass come if I know that
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you'll come. You know, it's like I can tolerate stress
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that I can't use to tolerate. I can look out
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into the world and it's not quite so scary. I can.
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But if I believe that I'll call and no one
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will come. But we love the Rambo movie idea, you know,
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we love, you know, even now with women heroes. We
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love Superwoman, we love the the you know, the person
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who is invulnerable, Well, we love that and it's a
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wonderful fantasy. But of course it's important to remember that
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it's complete rock and that, you know, the bottom line
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is we need other people and the connection with others
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is our main survival code as human beings. To know
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you matter to another human being is the best antidepression,
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anti anxiety pill I've ever come across, you know. So
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we noticed that when we started working with distressed couples
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and changing their relationship, not only did the relationship change,
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not only did the dance change, but the dancers changed.
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The people grew as individuals, they grew. So, yeah, attachment
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was adult attachment was very unpopular. Indeed, except for the
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last twenty five or so years and it's still I think,
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you know, I feel like it should be all over
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the New York Times. It should be Well, we've cracked
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the code of love. We know, we understand what loves about.
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We understand what children need, we understand what adults need
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to be strong. We understand that a loneeness is the
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best recipe for misery, depression, anxiety and despair. You know,
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And we're twigging in this in this world gradually that
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isolation is a killer for people. We're twigging. England's got
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a Minister of isolation or is it called that Minister
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of loneliness Minister of imagine having a Minister of loneliness.
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But you know, we're getting there gradually, but still for
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lots of people, the idea that we really need others,
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and we need one or two others that we know
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will come when we call is still a kind of
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idea that it's hard for them to wrap their heads around.
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You were into control and power and the independence.
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How this idea first kind of come to you in
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your work with couples too, so we bob become along
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with attachment, and like you said, it was very much
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around mothers and children and that was groundbreaking at the time, obviously,
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but then when was there a moment when you kind
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of thought, this is the key when you're working with couples.
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And I talk about this in my work and I
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always feel a bit foolish when I talk about it, actually,
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because I'd done this study, which for a graduate student
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thesis was a totally ridiculous study. Okay, it was so ambitious.
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It was I don't know where I was when I
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was a graduate student. I was on fire. I was insane.
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We'd written up this little manual. I decide to do
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an outcome study. Any graduate student who all by themselves
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decides to do a treatment outcome study should be locked up.
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You know, it's crazy. But anyway, I did it, and
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the results blew my mind. But what I say is
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I didn't really know why I was getting these incredible results,
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because results in couple's therapy at the time were pretty
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meager and pretty you know, they weren't Couples therapy was
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not showing itself to be an effective intervention. And you know,
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people would teach negotiation skills, well, they work until you're
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really upset, and then they don't work at all. And
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you know, people would teach insight into your past and
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that you were projecting onto your spouse. Well, INSIGHT's okay,
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But again, when you're standing on the edge of a cliff,
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you know it's it's not it doesn't really cut it.
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So you know, we were creating these We were helping
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people deal with their emotions differently and have changed the
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emotional music and talk to each other in a way
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that pulled the other person closer and it was working.
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It was like it had this incredible effect. But you know,
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apart from saying, well, I know how powerful emotion is,
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and that's what Rogers talked about, by the way, we
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did too. That's what Rogers talked about. And you know,
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a good experiential therapist goes for emotion, listens to emotion, tracks, emotion,
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uses emotion, believes that change is all about a corrective
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emotional experience, you know, And the research on psychotherapy outcome,
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by the way, says that a thousand times that it
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doesn't matter what model you're using. If you look at
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the people who change versus the people who don't, other
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people who change, and the people who get really emotionally
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involved in the therapy, it starts to really mean something
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to them, their emotions change, So we knew that these
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emotions were changing. We knew that people were having these incredible,
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you know, emotional interactions which they couldn't have at all
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at the beginning. But that was sort of it. And
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then I went to a conference and I talk about
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this in my work quite a few times because it
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was so it was sort of the classic epiphany, right,
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That's why it's so corny. That's why I feel so
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foolish when I talk about it. But you know, I'm
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I'm in a bar, of all places, I grew up
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in a pub, right, so it's it's significant that I'm
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sitting in a bar. And I've been listening to Neil Jacobson,
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who was the big star of Couple's Therapy back then,
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and he'd been saying that an adult relationship is a deal.
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It's a contract. It's a deal, and you can make
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a deal for anything. You can negotiate to have affairs
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and not tell your partner you can negotiate for anything
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at all. Right, it's a deal, and what you have
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to do to have a happy relationship is teach people
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how to negotiate. Well, I knew this was rot right, okay,
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I said, love is all about the things you can't
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negotiate for, Like, you know, I'll give you three hugs
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if you give me. You know, it doesn't work. Okay.
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So I was sitting there and my colleague said to me, well,
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if a relationship isn't a bargain, if it's not a
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bargain and a deal, what is it? And I said,
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don't be ridiculous. It's a bond. It's an emotional bond.
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And as I said that, just that word, the whole
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of John Balby and all the books i'd read that
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i'd only related to mother an infant came literally like
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tickety tickety tickety to I said, Oh my god, we're
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taking people into bonding conversations. That's why we're having these
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huge effects, and that's why people respond to them the
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way they do. And then the next thought, which was
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even more outrageous, Oh my god, this is what romantic